Graphical User Interface Autism Children And Young People Essay Essays

Graphical User Interface Autism Children And Young People Essay Essays Graphical User Interface Autism Children And Young People Essay Essay Graphical User Interface Autism Children And Young People Essay Essay For the first subdivision of reappraisal of the autism, there is tonss of of import information that we gathered about the autism that in a manner helps the research. In this research the chief mark is to assist the autistic kids intervention with aid of the android automatons which are presently use NAO automaton as the chief tool. There will be some account will be covered in this subdivision about the autism. What is autism? The term of autism are already used since 100 twelvemonth ago. This word is come from the Greek word car where it s average ego . This term are used to advert the personal features of individual with this ability where ever by themselves all the clip without doing a societal interaction with others. In 1908, Eugen Bleuler was utilizing this term for patients with symptoms of schizophrenic disorder where the symptoms are somewhat same as autism. Then the head-shrinker from America, Leo Kanner began to utilize the term of autism for the kids that he studied where to explicate the behavior of the kids which is got a job with the societal interaction. After that, Hans Asperger was written about a group of kids he called autistic sociopaths because the kids he studied are resembled with what feature of the kid describe by Leo Kanner. But for the instance that he surveies the most of the patient that are among of the individual that got the ability same as the autistic individual, bu t in term of the intelligence they by and large got the normal as others individual and for linguistic communication development are near to the normal individual. In the other word it can be describe that this individual are better than individual with the autism in their ability map. From that he named the symptom as the Asperger s syndrome [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] . : Not everyone knows these sort of symptom even though it already existed long clip ago. It is some sort of encephalon developmental disablement. Largely this symptom will consequence to individual s normal encephalon map and besides the communicating include societal interaction accomplishment that supposed to be needed for themselves for confronting all the challenge in their whole life. Peoples with this ability largely got troubles with communicating and societal accomplishments and they besides have unusual behaviors and involvements. Because of these troubles, individual with autism got a job with acquiring a friend and besides to pass on with another individual. Everything what their privation to portion is hard to understand or make by the normal individual unless they already expose by the therapy that train them to pass on. Normally this particular ability can be detected when the obvious marks of autism and symptoms of autism appear to the person when their age effort in between 2 and 3 old ages [ 4 ] . From the latest study of Health Ministry the approximately estimated of the kids with autism born are one in 1000 kids in Malaysia and the consequence shown that four times more likely to impact male childs compared to girls [ 5 ] . Autism is the lasting symptom that can non be removed as their wanted. For this minute there are non suited remedy that can be used for them. But for them to get the better of or accommodate the challenge that have to faced they must travel through with the earlier diagnosing, therapies, and intercessions from individual that have the experience with this intervention such as healer. All this method is needed in order to cut down symptoms and increase accomplishments and abilities of the individual with this particular ability. There are tonss of therapies that can be applied to them, so that they can larn and so can accommodate the full learning thing in their everyday life clip. Some therapies that can be applied are societal accomplishment therapy, physical therapy, drama therapy, address therapy, developmental therapies and etc. Most of this therapy can be describe as the best intervention particularly for the individual with autism ; most of the research that applied this therapy intervention for the patient largely got the positive feedback compared with negative feedback. Patient that got through with the therapy largely at least got a small betterment in their ability and besides in the societal interaction with other individual. Symptoms [ 6 ] In this subdivision will be discussed about the symptoms of the autism. There is several sort of disablement that can be recognized in individual with autism, practically there are some common symptoms that can be appears for the individual with this ability such as: Social Interaction/Skills For the autistics individual the most troubles that faced by them are in the societal interaction accomplishments. While they interact with other individuals, they will be faced a job in apprehension or utilizing the societal look like an oculus contact, facial look, gesture and etc. to do an interaction. This job can be detected since they in early age. This job non merely gives a job to them but besides to the individual surround that want to interact with them. The societal job that happened to the individual with autism chiefly will convey troubles for them in sharing what they have learned or what they feel. That behavior makes them hard in acquiring a friend or keeping the friendly relationships among them or with others. Besides that in term of organic structure contact, largely they will resistance to being snuggling or touched like normal individual unless that individual are closes adequate to them such as their parent or siblings. As for individual with autism they prefer to be entirely in they own universe instead than being disturbed by others that makes their choice life distracted. Communication Communication accomplishments are related to the linguistic communication development of person. The ability is depending on the societal and besides rational development. This sort of upseting happen to them because of the normal encephalon map affected by this symptom.For the individual with autism this mark are usually happened to them. This is one of the mark really appear or recognized for the individual with autism when their age reach 3 old ages old. They will acquire jobs in verbal and non-verbal communicating because of them lack in address development. In order to pass on with others they largely will utilize a simple or uncomplete sentence. They will confront jobs in get downing or keeping a conversation because of hard in understanding the linguistic communication that used while doing interaction. Sometime for individual with autism they will utilize the insistent linguistic communication form that normally have no significance or non related to the conversation subject with others. For the illustration they count one to five repeatedly or they besides repeat the words that they heard over and over every bit much as they like without believing the others. This sort of status scientifically called as echolalia, which means the automatic repetition back the full thing that is said. The deficiency of gestural communicating accomplishment give a batch of job to this individual, they unable to used gesture like a indicating to an object in order to do other individual to understand what they try to convey in their address. Everything that they want to state largely can non be understood by others that make them to do inappropriate behaviors or unnatural usage of pitch, modulation, beat or emphasis while talking. They besides got jobs in understanding the simple inquiry that given t o them or when asked about the way term. Behaviors In term of behavior the form that normally used for individual with autism are besides insistent same as the communicating accomplishment jobs. All the activities that they done largely in insistent manner where they will concentrate on the activity such as rolling arm, whirling the object over and over once more. They normally fascinated with the rotary motion object like a wheel on the plaything auto. The autistics individual normally have an compulsion with objects, they like to do varied sort of aggregation like a bottle, box and etc. as their wonts. The compulsion with the difference object are the common thing that happened to the individual with the autism, it seem like a complicated wonts but in their everyday the thing that they opportunity still be repeated every bit same as before and that is the most valuable clip for them that can non be alteration as we like, if that happen they will go disquieted or angry. Besides that they besides like to rearrange and line up thing t hat they collected over and over. If that happen it could do them to make an inappropriate behaviors such as unnatural usage of pitch or others unpredictable thing that can do hurt. Besides that they besides have troubles in altering or reassigning their activity from one country to another, because of the complicated wonts that done in their modus operandi. Roboticss The footings of automaton foremost used in public are in 1920 by Karel A?apek in the scientific discipline fiction drama named R.U.R. ( Rossum s Universal Robots ) . The word of automatons really from the Czech linguistic communication Robota which means servitude or forced labors where they done the full thing that being instructed to them by their maestro [ 7 ] . After that the words of zombi or android have being replaced by this new term for in the linguistic communication use all around the universe [ 7 ] [ 8 ] . In 1942 the regulations of three Torahs for the robotics have being introduced by Isaac Asimov in the scientific discipline fiction of short narrative entitle Runaround . The three Torahs that he mentioned foremost are about the automaton non gave any injury to human being through its action. Second jurisprudence are the automaton are obeying all the direction or orders that given to it by the human being every bit long as the instructions are non overlapped with the first jurisprudence. And the last jurisprudence that he mentioned the automaton should protect its owns being while its can demur where the protection are non interrupt the first and 2nd Torahs that have being mentioned in his authorship. From the Torahs that have being introduced and many betterments had made in his narratives, so he start to do an change and amplification the original Torahs for the farther development on how automatons can interact with worlds or each other s. Then he s come up with the 4th or zerot h jurisprudence where the Torahs described that the automaton must non harm humanity. Presents there are tonss of undertaking that given to the automaton to make the occupations in many field which is in the industrial automatons, domestic or household automatons, medical automatons, service automatons, military automatons, amusement automatons, infinite automatons and in conclusion in the field of avocation and competition automatons [ 9 ] . Besides that the group of automaton besides can be divided in to the group based on the map and design that makes it doing a undertaking whether it is able to travel or non, large or little. Each of them can be spliting into [ 10 ] ; Mobile Robots where it is normally can execute the undertaking that can non be done by homo either that country can non be range or that topographic point are unsafe. The nomadic automaton can be classs into two which is Rolling Robots and Walking Robots. Stationary Robots besides one of the types that can be discussed, the automaton are non merely used to make the undertaking for the human to research countries and besides use to copy a human behavior that can do a perform the insistent undertaking that supposed to be done by the homo without traveling an inch. Because of the human got a bound in performed a occupations. By so the imitative automaton are truly utile for that sort of occupations because automaton neer grows tired, it will execute its responsibility twenty-four hours and dark without of all time kicking. Autonomous Automatons are the automaton that can execute the undertaking without a back uping from human being. The word supporting here are means that the automaton really got its ain encephalon that can be rely on while making the undertaking. The automaton runs plans that give them the chance to them in executing the best solution or action depended on the environing. They can larn on how to walk and avoid obstructions that block their motion. Remote-control Robots are the independent automaton where the memory and the encephalon capacity are limited. That needed in order to execute a complicated undertaking that can non be executing by the normal independent automaton. The complicated undertaking are still be perform by the human being where have the existent encephalon power in order to command the automaton like a denote a bomb in the military countries. Virtual Robots are merely a plans where can do a simulation of the existent automaton or executing the insistent undertaking controlled by the package in the computing machine. The practical automatons are the particular automaton that developed in order to bring forthing the searching of the World Wide Web. Most of the practical automatons are infinite in the cyberspace that creeping from site to site where they collect the information on the web sites and directing the information to the hunt engines. Roboticss are the system where produced by the human sort that can travel by themselves. All the action that allowed them to travel is influenced by the aid of the programming systems or electronic circuitry [ 10 ] [ 11 ] . The robotic systems are component or device that can travel about in the environment and doing interactions either societal or physical. The automaton can do the physical interaction through propulsion action and so it can take an consequence from the physical interaction by mensurating utilizing the detection. The propulsion and sensing component are the of import component that needed for the automaton to do them to command its mechanical organic structure. With the accountant constituent that possess by the automaton it can assist the automaton to make some bomber activities such as modeling, modulating and be aftering like reference in [ 11 ] . For the automaton it should hold the characteristic [ 12 ] ; Feeling is the most of import feature for the automaton to enable them to feel the milieus. To do the automaton the sense ability it should fit with detectors such as light detectors, touch and force per unit area detectors and many more that can assist the automaton cognizant with its environment. For the Movement features is needed in order to give an chances for the automaton to travel around its environment whether turn overing on wheel or any method that could assist it s to travel. In term of energy, as the automaton it is the of import beginnings that needed to find its life-time. Robot needs to be able to power itself by many ways such as solar powered, electrically powered, battery powered that depend on the intent of the automaton developed. And the last of import feature that needed for the automaton is Intelligence. The intelligent of the automaton are depending on the programming systems that enters the platform. A coder is the individual who gives the automaton its smar ts. The automaton will hold to hold some manner to have the plan so that it knows what it is to make. There tonss of betterment in the robotics systems had make presents in attempt to assist human life manner. The development of the android automaton with independent and semi- independent automaton are the celebrated research that make in order to better the interaction relationship in between the automaton and human being. Humanoid Robot Humanoid automaton is one of the independent automatons where it placed in that categorize because of its ability which are the same as the independent 1s. Beside the ability what makes the humanoid automaton particular because of the design of the organic structure or the outer visual aspect that look like merely like mare human. All the features that possessed on homo are besides it s got even though it merely a simple one. To go the humanoid automaton the developer non needed to fit the automaton with all the portion that human possess like a caput, arm, legs and others, but when the automaton merely have one of the portion it s besides can be called as the android automaton every bit long as it look like a human. What make the android automaton differ than the others automatons are the capableness of the automaton to do an interaction either with human or each other. Lapp as the normal automaton, the android automaton besides needed the same constituents or portion in order to map. The parts that it s needed are the actuator, detectors, organic structure and besides programing that became the most of import thing that controls the automaton. Each of the parts is needed for the different maps. For the illustration we take the detector, the detector are the devise that used in the organic structure of the automatons. There are many sorts of detector that attach in the automaton such as force per unit area and touch detector, light detectors, sonar detectors and many more. All the detector are used so that the automaton could feel the dangers or the obstructions that appears when they got involved to the environment and so all the sense that detected will be send to the package which is plans or in other words the intelligent of the automaton that created by the coder so makes a determination to execute the solution. The design of these sort of automaton like a human being make people that want to interact with it feel save comfy either for the immature or the seniors. The latest design of the android automaton are focused on the interaction had make between the automaton and the human. The term for this interaction are called as the human automaton interaction ( HRI ) . The manner of the interaction are improved by clip to clip that makes the interaction between them become more gratifying like holding a normal interaction with a individual. The human surveies of the HRI are related to the relationship on the homo and besides the automaton and besides the reaction that give influences each other while interacting. The automaton particularly a humanoid automaton that developed with the HRI are truly of import and have a higher potency in the therapy session that can be used as the tool to develop or learn the normal or the particular individual that got the a jobs in the encephalon maps like a individual with autism in order to assist them in understanding and observe the emotion that created and besides to develop the societal human behaviors that can non be reach by themselves [ 13 ] . Nowadays there are tonss of the researches conducted in order to make the android automaton for many countries purpose like faculty members, amusement, research and many more. For the instance survey that we created, the android automaton that used is the NAO where the potency of the automaton that we see as the best from the other develo ped automaton for a minute for the automaton therapy that give to kids with autism. NAO [ 14 ] The android automaton that widely used for this minute is NAO, most of them late are used in the research and academic included the developer intent. In this subdivision we will discourse on the NAO automaton. NAO are one of the androids automatons which are the independent types. NAO is the android that possess with the caput, weaponries, legs and others portion that make its expressions like a small male child. The tallness of the NAO is about 23 inches with the actuator and the motors that connected each portion of the organic structure that make it can travel freely with the 25 grades of freedom ( DOF ) . This automaton consists of many detectors that make it functioned good like a force per unit area and haptic detectors, sonar range finder for distance appraisal, Information Retrieval ( IR ) emitters and receiving systems. The frequence of the cardinal processing unit ( CPU ) that used in the NAO is 1.6 GHz where the maker used the processor from the Intel Company named as Intel Atom. Same as the computing machine the automaton besides needed the operating system ( OS ) to command the NAO plans, for the NAO the compatible OS is Linux, Windows and Mac OS. The needed of the power supply are truly of import for the automaton to operating, so that the NAO automaton are used the power supply from the 27.6-watt-hour battery that can be varies by the use, puting and runing status, for the active usage the automaton can prolong until an hr, while 90 proceedingss for normal usage, depending on the use. Figure 2.1 NAO Robots with the Part Names [ 14 ] Besides that what makes this robot particular it is because it have the ability to pass on with the individual thanks to the constitutional talker and voice synthesist device that acts as communicating device of the automatons that use to acknowledge and track voice and sounds. Meanwhile for the speaking abilities the mikes are used. And for the eyes the NAO automaton are supported with the cameras that used to acknowledge faces and objects, besides used to track and analyze its environing. To do the eyes of the automaton map right to observe faces or the object the sets of algorithms had been used that concept in the platform that control the NAO. For the scheduling linguistic communication that usage in the interfacing intents compatible linguistic communication that can be usage are C++ , Python, Urbi, and etc. that depend on the users that has to be suited or compatible with the OS platform. The NAO automaton is equipped with the tactile detectors that installed at two of its organic structure parts which are on the caput and besides at the both custodies that use for user to give the bid when by touch it. These detectors besides can be set as the shut off button when the user puting their manus on the NAO automaton or the button to get down the faculty that uploaded to the NAO. Besides that in order to avoid the obstruction or something that will barricading the automaton ways the maker already placed the two senders and receiving systems each on NAO organic structure so that it can place the distances of environing objects within 70 centimeters of distance. The android automaton NAO non a statics robot that merely remain on the one topographic point so doing occupations, but NAO is the automaton where can do a motion and walk around like a homo s with non a heterosexual but besides others motion because of the detectors and besides the actuator articulation with the certain grade of freedom used in the NAO concept that makes it stable to walk on many different surfaces. The NAO automaton besides compatible with the web connexions which is Wi-Fi and Ethernet that makes NAO to link with the web wherever it placed either at place or other topographic points every bit long as that topographic point are supplies with the web connectivity. With this connectivity the NAO automatons will be supplies with the up to day of the month information such as the conditions prognosis or the utilizing the package change overing the linguistic communication used that straight connected to the cyberspace while communicate. Beside the Wi-Fi and Ethernet the NAO besides equipped with infrared connexion where it can be used for the particular undertaking that given to the such as bend off the telecasting with its owns infrared connexion and besides to command other device that equipped with the infrared connexions that can be done based on the undertakings that given to them by coder. In term if undertaking, for the NAO system can be control by utilizing the particular package that provided by the maker called as NAO Choregraphe Module that can be used to put the motion or the undertakings for the NAO that want to creates likes a sing a vocal, move with other gestures and others. All of the undertaking are depends on the coder that creates the scheduling for them. Figure 2.2: NAO s Choregraphe ModuleAssistive Robotics ( AR ) The applications of Assistive Roboticss are widely used in order to look into the application of the robotics with their engagement in the field wellness attention and instruction. These probes are of import to accomplish the best process solution to recovery for individuals with damages due to assorted diseases particularly related to the encephalon map like autism. The assistive robotics is focus on developing robotic AIDSs for back uping independent individuals who have chronic or degenerative restrictions and besides who got jobs with encephalon disablements as therapy and supportive tools [ 15 ] . AR are related to many application countries that already being exposed by the past research worker in attempt to better human comfort. From the survey that conducted by Mason and Christensen [ 16 ] mentioned that assistive automaton are developed from different application countries in order aid homo for their life such as: Manufacturing-In this country the robotics systems are widely deployed for the fabrication procedure. Most of the mill utilizing this engineering for them to better the production rate of the merchandise. They ever make research for continues to progress by develop new cardinal attack in the engineering of the robotics. Every twenty-four hours there are ever new development are obtained. Medical and health care are normally used of the Assistive Robotics for the patient particularly in term of Recovery and Rehabilitation. The patients that normally involve in this sort of intervention are the 1 that got the jobs with the physical disablement. The automaton will help them with the suited method that can be applied to them by the AIDSs of the automaton till the advancement achieved. Beside that the other researches besides mention that this country besides covered the application of mobility jobs and besides used for senior attention [ 17 ] [ 16 ] . Service-in general the services are that used the robotics assistive is in both professional and domestic services. Professional service normally used automatons in logistics, agribusiness, cleansing, and besides mining sector but for the Domestic service automatons can execute undertakings where worlds on a regular basis perform around their places such as vacuuming, horticulture, cut downing the lawn and pool care [ 18 ] . Socially Robot ( SR ) Socially Robot ( SR ) is term that used in order to depict the societal interaction that involved in between automaton and homo. This term are foremost used by the research worker to do surveies of depicting automaton which is following human societal feature such as incarnation, emotion, communicating, and etc. [ 19 ] . SR are operates or given undertaking as the spouse or aid for the human to pass on or doing interaction. By refer to the research done by Dautenhahn and Billard, they mentioned that Social synergistic automatons can be defined as the agents that can interact with each other and besides environment so construe the universe in footings of their ain experience that their possess, they stands for explicitly Communicate with and larn from each other [ 20 ] . Socially Assistive Robotics ( SAR ) Based on the survey that had done by Seifer and Mataric, the Socially Assistive Robot ( SAR ) is specifying as the intersection between the Assistive Robot and Socially Robot. SAR and AR are similar in term of aid, but for the elaborate SAR is more to the societal than physical interaction. Meanwhile in the position of the societal interaction SAR is more similar to SR in term of their focal point, which is to develop and besides create an interaction with a user in intent to give aid particularly in the field of intervention [ 21 ] . Nowadays these sorts of interaction are concerned particularly for the individual that does nt hold an attempt or energy to assist them including in procedure of recovery and rehabilitation. For this survey we focused the SAR on assisting the autistic kids where got a job in their encephalon development. It is because some of these kids are demoing their enthusiasm and miming character when their face or travel through interaction with the automaton [ 22 ] . SAR in this instance can be used as aid for the user to better the mental wellness of kid by cut downing emphasis, solitariness and depression that happened to them [ 23 ] . As mentioned before the SAR is merely doing a societal instead than physical interaction. This can give the best chance for to develop the interaction between human and automaton without giving injury while interacts with the automaton. The developments of the SAR are widely improved and popular in the research country such as the robotics, medical specialty, neuroscience and etc. The SAR developments are foremost used in order to assist elderly by building robot-pet comrade for them to assist in cut downing depression and emphasis [ 24 ] . The SAR are truly beneficially non merely for the aged but it besides can be utile to everybody include persons with physical damages, individual that goes through the rehabilitation therapy and besides for the persons that got the jobs with encephalon upset by utilizing them as the tools or medium for therapy, preparation and besides can be used as the particular instruction. The SAR are truly portion to make when involved the interaction with the human, there a tonss of possibilities has to be consider before it been constructed. In the paper that done by David Feil-Seifer and Maja J MatariA†¡ [ 25 ] , they have taken several nucleus of moralss principle that set up for the medical to be implement in the SAR development. The moralss rules that have being discussed are beneficence, non-maleficence, liberty and justnes s where they try to analyze either its affect the applications of SAR. For the automaton the visual aspects are truly of import to acquire a higher outlook from people that interact with it, human-like visual aspect are the better for them [ 24 ] . David Feil-Seifer did mentioned that the ways of kids with autism and automatons are different compared with the interaction them with individual or toys [ 26 ] [ 27 ] . But the job that occur from this interaction is that the respond that given by the automaton while interacting to the childs. He did besides reference that this sort of interaction is the disputing jobs to do the automaton to understand the behavior of the kid with autism. There are a tonss of development had make in the robotics development in order to happen the solution on this jobs. To decide this job the research had make among the research workers and enable them to used to the full independent automatons for interact with any kids particularly kids with autism by concentrating on the free-form behavior that showed by kids. The interaction that make in between kid and automaton can go as a curative assistance that can assist people particularly kids with autism. The therapy should be aimed for them in order to develop and better their ability while interacting. The purposes of the therapy are to promote of the turn-taking behavior, human-human and human -robot interaction and besides purposes for acquiring or observing kids distress [ 27 ] . Autistics child characteristic are different comparison to normal kids, non all of them can accept the behavior of the automaton that interact with them. In the surveies paper made by David Feil-Seifer mentioned that for the autistics child there were specific morphological and behavior of the automaton are raging and deflecting for them. From at that place they to happen new methods by observing automatically the negative behavior of the kid so minimise hurt experienced by giving the properly response while interacting with automaton. Robot and Autism. In order to do a connexion between these androids and autistics kids for the intervention, the research that we conducted had consider all possibility and besides the effects that can be happen during the intervention because of the status of the autistics kids which is differ with the normal kid on their features. The used of the automaton as the tools to assistive kids with autism are truly utile and got its ain potency in the intervention because some of them will demo their behavior while interacting with the automaton [ 28 ] . For the individual with autism the societal interaction with the automaton is more suited compared interaction with people in term of behavior. It is because for them people s societal behaviors are difficult to foretell and besides confounding compared to the automaton behavior which is ever can be control and be managed harmonizing to the direction given to them with exactly [ 28 ] [ 29 ] . In this subdivision we will take a expression for the several re searches that conducted by the past research worker that utilizing automaton as the tool to give a therapy to the autistics individual and besides that research that make the most cherished find related to the therapy session that used the robot assistive. From the determination there will be some info that can be used that can assist in the current research that we conduct. The robotic systems are foremost used in the intervention for the autism since 1976 by Sylvia Weir and Ricky Emanuel utilizing a nomadic turtle-like automaton named LOGO at university of Edinburgh [ 30 ] . Since so, these methods of intervention become most celebrated subject that chosen by the pupil in university for their research to develop and better this method of intervention boulder clay now. Their comes up with differences and new development from all the research that already developed and all the informations that collected in their research has become a mention for the following coevals to better and besides develop new research. The LOGO automatons are used to promote communicating accomplishment on the individual they studied which is seven old ages old male childs with symptoms of autism. The research reported that its give a positive consequence based on the respond that kid with the automaton. Even though the undertaking are non straight give an interaction with the a utomaton and non operated autonomously, but from this research of surveies it give a hopes that this sort of intervention can give a new way for the following coevals research worker to develop the new betterment by utilizing the automaton as the medium tools to gives therapy for the individual with autism [ 30 ] . The research had made by Hideki Kozima and Cocoro Nakagaw utilizing the automaton called as KEEPON to interact with the kid. The research conducted to turn out that the interaction between kids with autism and automaton are difference depends on the single age. From the research they obtained, the consequence shown that largely child that age below 1 twelvemonth they make an interaction with the automaton merely by utilizing custodies and oral cavity and did non care about the automaton ability. But for the kid with age 1year old they make an interaction with the automaton based on the automaton attentive and affectional actions. And the research on 2 twelvemonth old kid shows that they want to make a societal interaction with the automaton by demoing something to them and besides do a organic structure contact with it [ 22 ] . This research besides show the betterment of the autistic kids when they interact with the automaton. Largely they showed to their trainers what they have lea rned. This become most of import determination that will be used or implemented for the research and so applied the suited faculty or undertaking that given to the automaton in order to interact based on age of the individual that become our capable. Figure 2.3: KEEPON [ 22 ] Then the research of therapy besides use the application of automaton named as ROBOTA. It is one of the android automaton dolls that little in size with around 45 centimeter in high. The chief organic structure of the doll are covered with the electronic board with the motor that drive the legs, weaponries and besides for the caput its move by utilizing one grade of freedom. Chiefly this automaton are used for develop kids in motion, music and address. The intent of this survey is to better the societal interaction accomplishments and imitation ability of the autistic individual. The trials have been doing with four kids with autism. They were exposed repeatedly with the automaton that applied the basic imitative and turn-taking games for several months. Along with this trial the picture of the documenting had been recorded during kids make interaction with the automaton. From the picture that recorded they evaluated the four behavioral standards including oculus regard, touch imitat ion and in conclusion on the place of kids with the automaton ( near ) . They have comes up with the qualitative and quantitative analysis. From the first analysis which is qualitative analysis on observed all the activity of the kids that related to the interaction behavior, they revealed farther facets of the societal accomplishment interaction of the kids such as the ability of imitation, oculus regard, touching and else. Besides that, from this analysis they besides can bespeak the degree of communicating accomplishment that showed personally by the kids based on the recorded picture informations. For the 2nd analysis it s showed an addition in continuance of pre-defined behaviors towards the ulterior tests. In this surveies show that the insistent exposure the android automaton will increase the basic interaction societal accomplishment of the kids. Figure 2.4: TROY [ 31 ] The following simple design of humanoid automaton can be discuss in this paper are the automaton called as TROY. It is the automaton that can execute the simple and programmable behavior. It is the simple automaton with two weaponries with four grade of freedom that can do it raised and lowered the weaponries and other action. The automaton besides equipped with the 7 inch screen where it presented as the caput of the automaton where the research worker put the face to expose the face look like sad, happy or other impersonal emotions. The automaton is designed in order to promote the imitation and besides turn-taking behaviors for the individual with autism. In these surveies they mentioned that the period the interaction in between the automaton and kid should non transcend so 20 % from the available therapy clip. The remainder of the clip should be the therapy for the kid and human interactions [ 31 ] . In this instance they try to stress that the interaction in between the kid and automaton has to be less than the interaction with a individual in procedure to develop. In the research they got the positive consequence on the low dose robotics intervention for the kid with autism in their interaction accomplishments. In the therapy that they conducted they begin the therapy measure by measure started with the interaction between the kid and automaton so continue with the interaction between the kid, healer and the automaton and the remainder of the 80 % of the therapy session is the interaction between human and kid. In this instance they merely used the automaton as the tool to assist a kid to develop societal accomplishment. Figure 2.5: Child with autism interacting with the Labo-1 automaton [ 24 ] The following research that used the automaton as the tools to promote the development of kids with autism are the nomadic automaton named as LABO-1. The automaton consists of the infrared detector that act as like a echo sounder to avoid the obstruction that block the automaton from moved and besides pyro-electric detector that used to observe and following the human. The robot motion are really slow to avoid any unpredictable thing from happened to the kid. In this research the topic are two kids with autism to give societal interacting preparation or therapy. The consequence of the trial showed the positive consequence when the kids give a good response while playing with the automaton. The research worker besides mentioned that the kid played with the automaton for the long clip and did non frighten while interacting with the automaton at a close distance [ 24 ] . The used of the automaton as the medium in assisting individual with autism are merely to assist them in develop their abilities and facilitate human contact non to replace them from interact with other individual [ 32 ] . In this research, the survey will be related to the automaton therapy where individual with autism will be expose with the interaction to the automaton where assist them to better the ability. The involved of humanoid automaton named NAO are truly suited for the research, it is because of the characteristic as mentioned before are suited used for the research particularly when it interact with the autistic individual and besides for the normal individual. There are researcher references that for the autistic kids the behavior of the NAO automaton which is insistent and the motion that has being simplified are truly suited and can assist them in preparation of the societal accomplishment [ 33 ] . These applications of NAO are truly suited because most of the feature are significantly showed that its truly consistent with the behavior of the autistic autism which is can non confront the complicated thing in during their accomplishments development. Nowadays there is tonss of research that used NAO as the tool to happen new development in many countries particularly in term of medicine or automaton therapy. Robot therapy is therapy that used a automaton as helper in the intervention. The ways of the automaton used are depend on the intent of the faculty or undertakings that create by the research worker for the research. The suited faculty of the automaton should hold a justification on why it has to be that manner and what traveling to go on when used in the therapy in order to draw attending individual with autism to affect in interaction with the automaton. The full undertaking given for the NAO is truly of import for the therapy to guarantee whether it is succeeded or non in the intervention. The betterment of the undertaking done by the research worker should be improved from clip to clip in order to make the best undertaking for the NAO for the therapy. Graphical User Interface ( GUI ) In this subdivision it will be the most of import parts that where the reappraisals are traveling decided what are the most of import thing has to be included in the GUI development that has to be interfacing each other between networking and the database, beside assist the user to work out the job in develop new faculty or other thing that related to the plan for the intervention and so accomplish the aim besides the purposes of the research. The GUI developments are truly of import for the user particularly to person with a small cognition in the computing machine development. The interface will steer the users through different phases towards the achievement of the undertakings. The multi-task and hard interface could convey another job for the users to better their accomplishments. In this reappraisal it will steer about something that related to the best GUI development for the research. GUI is the most common thing that we traveling to utilize when involve with the machine and human interaction like computing machine. This interface is truly of import or became the medium for the human to interact with the machine with more effectual. The interaction merely affect the usage of the image or images as the button bid instead than the texts bid that can give the confusion for the novices or non-technical individual that low in the computing machine cognition. The full image or the icons will stand for as the action button that available on the GUI application that normally performed through direct use of the graphical elements that make the OS to relocated or happen the beginnings of the bid that being done in the text bid. GUI are introduced in the reaction of the bid cringles of the command-line interface ( CLI ) where required the external equipment like a keyboard to type the bid. The bids were merely showed the bid line interface with Numberss and text with the com plicated operation that can be completed by utilizing the cutoff by pull stringsing a symbols or the short sequence of words. There is a research of the GUI development that has being conducted to turn out that the utilizations of the icons for the direction are truly effectual instead than others bids. In that research they have make study on the 10 people between 20 boulder clay 30 old ages olds that operates the interface that been develop. The consequence of the studies showed that the used of the icon or others characters that represent the operation of the application attract users so heighten the serviceability of the practical GUI s [ 34 ] . The best Graphical user interface is the 1s that have the feature of user friendly that makes everybody experience satisfy after utilizing it. The user friendliness can be defined as the interface that will steer the users through phase to another in order to carry through the undertakings, so that users can interact more with the undertakings and less with the system [ 35 ] . To accomplish the user friendliness there are several features that have to be include d are [ 35 ] ; The first thing that have be included in the interface are the design of the interface has to be suited for everyone and besides good looking interface. It truly needed so that the user feels it will work better and more confident while utilizing the application. Besides that the users besides can experience more satisfied and comfy with the interface while read the interface with strong contrast between text and background. Besides that the usage of the basic words besides give an consequence on the users interface, users will happen an interface to be friendly if it displays information in their native reading way or in their native linguistic communication, without utilizing any profession particular footings that non everyone can understand. Accessible besides can be the 1s of the features should be on the user friendly interface. The interface has to be developing so that everybody can entree the interface without holding a complicated. A user friendly interface should be built upon the human ocular and cognitive capablenesss that can be achieved by utilizing cognition of familiar objects that can makes users happen it easier to larn and utilize. The user interface besides has to consistent in manner and dictions. The GUI is divided in to two groups which is computing machine based and web-based. In this research the GUI that we traveling to research are more to the web-based where we have to make a web site for the kids with the autism, so that everybody could accesses and so can sharing the information that they got from the research that conducted by themselves. There will be the treatment on the related subjects on the therapy procedure of the automaton named as NAO with the kids with the autism, besides sharing the faculty that has being created. In the procedure of the developing the GUI creative activity the demand of the package is needed. In order to plan the interface with the user friendly interface all the feature has being study through the researching the reappraisal that have make by the past research worker. At this minute the best package that consider as the best in the interface design are Adobe Photoshop where it can be used as the tools in redacting the design till the concluding satisfaction be achieved. But in order to make the website the best package could be usage is MySQL. The usage of the MySQL package is place the best tools because of it is the unfastened beginning package where about all the website developer are used these package besides it is the freeware package. Then for the scheduling linguistic communication the truly suited and compatible with the MySQL are PHP package, where it s besides one of the freeware package that easy to obtain. The GUI development for this research will concentrate o n the users with the deficiency in the cognition of the computing machines. Everybody could portion the information that they want to portion without any jobs and so utilize the information good.